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Cape Council of Policy

441

1671-02-16

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Minute details

Entry number
441
Date
1671-02-16
Year
1671

English translation

Considering that Her Nobility, Our Lords, in their general letter of September 5 of last year, addressed to the Commander and the Council here, had, among other things, wished to mention that, as matters in Europe indicated, our State might easily be involved in war again, Her Nobility had also resolved to increase the number of 3,700 men to be sent to India for this year's equipage to 4,000, and consequently orders and directs that care should be taken here to be on the alert and in proper defensive posture, for which reason, at the behest of Her Nobility, Council Extraordinary Rijckloff van Goens the Younger, following the previous oral conference and the subsequent resolution dated January 17th of last year,24 this order was also previously appreciated and interpreted by the Council as meaning that the remaining 300 heads, contained in the aforementioned letter, would in principle be inspected at this location. Consequently, it was decided to initially charge 36 military vessels from the three Batavian ships, and then to continue with these from the subsequent ships to such a number as might be deemed necessary depending on the circumstances and the time; however, everything was subject to the approval of the first Commissioner, who was expected here.

And since this considerable point was not dismissed as unwarranted by His Honor, Commissioner Goske, in order to examine the aforementioned letter from Her Honor more closely, the Council was therefore urged to seriously consider whether one could not confidently persist in the interpretation already made of the more moderate order, or whether one could interpret it differently, or whether some scruples and other difficulties might be inherent in it: wherefore the general order of Her Honor, so requested by His Honor. Commissioner, like the other members of the Council, having once again carefully read, reread, and ventilated everything that might come to mind, having carefully considered it, one has, however, after many and varied debates on the matter, been unable to arrive at anything other than the interpretation already noted. And therefore, in accordance with this, with common advice, it is not only the aforementioned Projected 300 heads, but still such a further number to be landed here from the passing Patrician ships, if the occasion arises and the appearance of any feared rupture should appear in due time, will be deemed necessary. However, a strong garrison will not be maintained here any longer than until the threatened troubles have subsided, when such a number will have to be disembarked again and sent to India, as can be done conveniently and without hindering the service of the E. Compe. Regarding this situation, further commentary was made on the weak and indefensible strengths of this old fort with its hornwork, as well as the constructed point in the new fortress, present from the rear yet unenclosed, and in addition, among several other proposals, it was suggested that in this regard it would be advisable to be advised, in the event of any attack, to turn the enemy back from the land with all possible diligence, and to do as much as possible to prevent landing. Therefore, this was granted, and subsequently several counter-batteries were placed against the enemy,25 so that, being fortified, this fort, by the cannonade, was soon completely ruined, shot underfoot, and thus brought to devotion, whereas on the contrary If the enemy were cut off and hidden from the land, one could be much more certain of resisting and preserving many of the Company's effects.

And although the Council has not yet been able to grant a positive order or resolution on this proposal, due to its ignorance of how the enemy might gain control of the country,26 it is nevertheless important to consider the inland passages, or those occurring in this bay, where boats, chialoupes, or other vessels might land in suitable weather, to construct some regulated earthen parapets or similar small fortifications, and to maintain a good watch there upon the arrival of foreign nations, so that, if practical, it is possible to withstand such a course of action, to turn the enemy back from the land.

Bearing Mr. Commissioner also the Council for, how that His E. in reading a certain letter dated 20 November 1667 written by the meeting of the Lords 17th to the Commander and the Council here, on the subject of the possessions who, by erecting the stake with the affixation of the Arms of France in the palace of Saldanhia, had wished to establish, has noted that Their Honor would have specifically ordered that, if the aforementioned stake were not removed further from there, this should have been done immediately and in principle, from the viewpoint that it could easily have been his intention, as was also the case in the subsequent letter from Mr. Directors at the Amsterdam Chamber dated 17th December 1668 were ordered to maintain constant possession by some people in the said port, and with which the content of the latest general letter, dated 5th September of the previous year, confirms itself in all parts: And considering that four months ago now, at which time Heere de la Haije with his squadron, consisting of 6 ships, was in the said port, it has been sufficiently demonstrated by its illegal proceedings what the French, by sincerely asserting the aforementioned post, had in mind, since they, against all fairness, the E. Compe. having by force occupied their lawful and rightful possession and thus unlawfully occupied that place, His Honorable Commissioner seriously suggests to the Council whether one should not, with good reason and justification, oppose such violence, and, by removing the French flag and the king's arms, again raise the King's flag and arms, and consequently have our possession there resumed by some settlements; considering that the aforementioned letter from Their Honorable Superiors, concerning the erection of the French flag, is naturally similar to what they are now asserting, and would further pervert us to counter the violence they have committed with force. Consequently, after the aforementioned mature consideration and examination of matters pertaining to this subject, and not without allegation of various reasons serving as a basis, it has been resolved and established that, first, the flag and arms of France in the Saldanha Bay [27] should be removed from their place and the flag and arms of the E. Compe [sic] should be erected there in return. This being accomplished, five or six persons under a competent leader should reside there without delay, and such instructions should be given to them, as was to be designed for this purpose, to regulate their precise conduct. [28]

It was also found that the German servants, who were the free farmers here of the E. Compe [sic]. were lent, they show themselves very unwilling and slow towards their masters, because in principle these people have to pay their servants' earned wages into cash, of which they then no longer receive as the regular allowances, which are annually distributed to them, together with the garrison personnel, both in money and goods, for necessary maintenance. Nevertheless, the most important reasons why the aforementioned servants offer their free service are that, by getting their hands on some earned money, they try to prosper with it, and although many of these German servants are leaving the fatherland, on their own account. burdened with many debts and taxes, and which in previous times, upon their arrival at the Cape, they had sought and obtained their freedom, whereby the creditors in the Fatherland were relieved of what they had lost in the process, consequently the Lords Directors at the Amsterdam Chamber have ordered on 6 October 1668 that no freedom should be granted to anyone burdened with any national debts. And considering that these colonists, due to the general shortage of slaves, cannot subsist without German servants, and that consequently an aid must be offered to this end, so that agriculture will progress and not deteriorate, it has been found good and resolved to encourage both the bosses to pursue agriculture and not to avert their servants from it, also to satisfy Their Noble Order in this matter, that all freemen having any German servants in fief, as long as they are burdened with national debts, annually 6/m of their earned wages, to pay those debts to the E. Compe. here will have to meet the debts and pay the remaining 6/m to their servants, but, when these debts are paid, their servants may enjoy all their farm taxes, leaving only 6/m for each of them on their account. To pay for the roadworks in the homeland, if any, with the understanding that the aforementioned tenants will pay the remaining wages to those who will be appointed to this end by the Commander and the Council here.

n established, paid in cash, to be effectively returned to the servants, thus preventing them from being paid with rags and rags, as has been practiced hereinbefore.

Thus done and resolved in the Fortress of Good Hope on the day and year aforesaid.

[Signed:] ISBRAND GOSKE.

[Signed:] PR. HACKIUS. 1671.

[Signed:] JOAN SN. VELTERS.

[Signed:] CORN. DE CRETSER.

[Signed:] J. COON.

[Signed:] J. GRANAAT.

Original Dutch transcription

Geconsidereert Haer Edle onse Hren. Principaelen bij derselver generaele missive van den 5en Septembris des voorleden jaars aen den Commandeur en den Raat alhier geschreven onder anderen hadden gelieven te mentioneren, dat sigh in Europa de saeken sodaenigh lieten aensien, dat onsen Staat wel lichtelijck wederom in een oorlogh souden cunnen comen g’involveert te werden, des Haer Edle. oock geresolveert hadden, het getal der 3700 coppen, voor desen jaerse equipagie nae Indien te senden, tot 4000 te vergroten, dienvolgende g’ordonneert ende gelast, dat men alhier soude hebben te maeken op hoede en in behoorlijke postuijre van defensie te wesen, uijt welcken hoofde, op ‘t aanwesen van den Hr. Raad Extraordinaris Rijckloff van Goens de jonge, naer voorgaende mondelinge conferentie ende daerop gevolgde resolutie, in dato 17en Januarij voorleden,24 die ordre oock doenmaels bij den Raad sodaenigh was g’apprehendeert ende g’interpreteert, als dat d’ overschietende 300 coppen, bij ‘t opgemelde schrijven vervat, ten principaelen op dese plaats zouden specteren, gevolghlijck vast gestelt omme uijt de drie Bataviasche schepen voor eerst 36 militaire te ligten, ende daermede uijt de volgende schepen tot sodaenigen aental te continueren als men naer exigentie van saeken en tijtsgelegentheijt soude vinden van node te wesen; dogh alles op approbatie van den eersten Commissaris, die alhier te verwachten stont.

Ende also dit considerabile poinct bij Zijn E. d’ Hr. Commissaris Goske mede niet buijten merite wert gehouden, omme ‘t meergenoemde aenschrijvens van Haer Edle. wat naeder te examineren, derhalven den Raad in serieus bedencken gegeven heeft, off men niet bij d’ alrede gedaene interpretatie van de meeraengetogen ordre met gerustheijt soude cunnen persisteren, dan, off derselver verstant anders uijt te leggen, ofte wel eenige scrupulen ende andere zwaericheden daeronder souden mogen vervat zijn: mitswelcken de g’allegeerde ordre van Haer Edle. so bij den Hr. Commissaris, als d’andere leden van den Raat, nogmaels exact gelesen, herlesen en geventileert, mitsgaeders alles wat enigsints in bedencking soude cunnen comen, wel rijpelick overwogen wesende, heeft men echter, naer veele en verscheijden debatten over die materie gevallen, daeruijt niet anders cunnen colligeren, dan een sodanige interpretatie als bij deselve bereets aengemerckt is. Ende dierhalven, in conformite van dien, met gemeijn advijs g’arresteert, niet alleenigh de voors. geprojecteerde 300 coppen, maer nogh sodaenigen verderen aentall uijt de passerende Patriasche schepe[n] alhier aan land te lichten, als men nae gelegentheijt van saeken, en nae dat sigh d’ apparentien tot eenige gevreesde rupture in tijt en wijle souden mogen vertoonen, zal oirdelen nodich te wesen, doch dat starcke guarnisoen alhier niet langer zal aengehouden, als tot dat de gedreijgde troub’len zullen gecesseert zijn, als wanneer daervan alsulcken getall wederom affgesteken ende nae India sal moeten versonden werden, als gevoeghlik gemist ende buijten verachteringe van den dienst der E. Compe. zal cunnen geschieden.

Omtrent dese gelegentheijt vorders in opmerkinge genomen, de swacke en indefensibile sterckten van dit oude fortje met zijn hoornwerk, mitsgaeders d’ opgemaeckte punt in d’ nieuwe fortresse, tegenwoordigh van achteren noch onbesloten leggende, en daerbij onder verscheijde andere propoosten in consideratie gegeven zijnde off men ten dien opsighte niet en soude cunnen adviseren raadsaemst te wesen, bij eenige attacque den viand met alle mogelickste vlijt van land te keren, ende so veel doenlick zij, het landen te beletten, mitsdien, zulx toegelaten, ende daerop bij den viand eenige tegenbatterijen opgeworpen,25 sodat denselven verschanst zijnde, door ‘t canonneren dit fort in corten tijt stondt totaliter geruineert, onder de voet geschoten ende zulx tot devotie gebracht te werden, daer in tegendeel den viand d’ advenuen affgesneden, ende van het aenlanden versteken wesende, men sich vrij wat secourder tot resistentie ende conservatie van vele ‘s Comps. effecten soude cunnen schicken.

Ende alhoewel den Raadt op desen voorstel nogh geene positive ordre off resolutie heeft cunnen admitteren, vermits men oncundigh is door wat entreprinse den viand sich t’ lande mogte bemachtigen,26 soo is ‘t nogtans zulx, dat niet buijten consideratie dient gestelt te werden, op de passagien te landwaerts, ofte advenuen in dese baeij, alwaer de boots, chialoupen ofte andere vaertuijgen bij bequaem weder souden cunnen aenlanden, eenige gereguleerde aerde borstweringen ofte diergelijke cleijne sterckten op te werpen, ende aldaer, bij aencomste van vremde natien, goede wacht te houden, oversulx practicabel zijnde t’ onderstaen, den viand van lant te keeren.

Draegende d’ Hr. Commissaris mede den Raat voor, hoe dat Zijn E. in ‘t lesen van sekere missive de dato 20en November 1667 door de vergaedering van de Heeren 17en aen den Commandeur en den Raadt alhier geschreven, op ‘t subject van de possessie, die Monsr. de Mondavergu[e] door ‘t oprechten van de pael met affixie der Wapenen van Vranckrijk in de bhaeij van Saldanhia , hadde willen fonderen, aengemerckt heeft, dat Haer Edle. alsdoen speciaelick hebben gelieven t’ ordonneren, bij aldien de voors. pael niet voort daervandaen mogte wesen geremoveert, dat men zulx aenstonts soude hebben te laten doen en principaelijck uijt die insichten, dat ‘t selve wel licht zijn oogemerck zoude cunnen hebben, gelijck dan oock bij ‘t naeder aenschrijvens van d’ Hren. Bewinthebberen ter Camer Amsterdam gedateert 17en Decembris 1668 wert gelast, geduijrige possessie door eenige luijden in de gemelde bhaeij te houden ende waermede sich ook den inhout van de jongste generaele missive, gedaghtekent 5en Septembris ao. voorleden in allen deelen confirmeert: Ende aengesien nu voor vier maenden geleden, als te welcker tijt den Heere de la Haije met zijn esquadre, bestaende uijt 6 schepen, in de gemelde bhaeij heeft gelegen, door desselffs onwettige proceduren genoegsaem is gebleken, wat de Franschen door ‘t opregten van voors. paal, hebben in ‘t sin gehat, mitsdien sij tegens alle billickheijt d’ E. Compe. met gewelt van haere wettige en rechtmatige possessie hebben gepostponeert en die plaats also onrechtmaetigh g’occupeert, Soo geeft Zijn E. d’ Hr. Commissaris den Raad in serieus bedencken, off men niet met goet regt ende redenen sodaenigen gewelt behoorde tegen te gaen, en, door ‘t affhaelen van de Fransche vlagge ende ‘s konincks wapenen, daertegen wederom ‘s Compes. vlagge ende wapenen op te rechten, ende gevolghlijk also onse possessie door eenige besettelingen, aldaer wederom doen hervatten; uijt die consideratien, dat het vooren g’allegeerde aenschrijvens van Haer Edle. onse Superioren, over ‘t oprechten van de Fransche pael gedaen, van een natuijre op het nu bij haer geperpetreerde zij, ende ons nogh meerder zoude doen permoveren, haer gepleegde geweld met geweld tegen te gaen. Ingevolge is, naer voorgaende rijpe overweginge ende examinatie van saeken, tot die materie gehoorende, ende niet sonder allegatie van verscheijde redenen ten propoost dienende, geresolveert en vast gestelt met den eersten de vlagge en d’ wapenen van Vranckrijk in de Saldanibaeij 27 opgeregt wederom van zijn plaats aff te haelen, en daertegens ‘s E. Compes. vlagge ende wapenen aldaer op te rechten, oock, zulx volbracht zijnde, sonder uijtstell 5 a 6 personen onder een bequaem hooft daer te laeten resideren, ende aen deselve sodaenige instructie, omme hun precise daernae te reguleren, mede te geven, als daertoe staet ontworpen te werden.28

Ende also oock ondervonden wert, dat de Duijtse knechts, die de vrije landbouwers alhier van d’ E. Compe. geleent werden, haer zeer onwillich ende traegh tegens haere baesen comen te thoonen, uijt oirsaeke ten principaelen, dat dese luijden haere knechts verdiende gagies in cassa moeten goet doen, waervan zij dan niet meer wederom gauderen als d’ ordinarie verstreckingen, die haer jaerlijx eenelijck benevens ‘t guarnisoensvolcq, so in gelt als goet, tot nodich onderhout wert uijtgereijckt, daer nogtans d’ meeste redenen waerom voors. knechts haer in vrijheden dienst begeven, zijn, dat daerdoor soeken eenige verdiende bonen in handen crijgende, ijets daermede te prospereren, ende alhoewel veele van dese Duijtse knechts uijt het vaederlant vertreckende, op hun reecqe. met veel schulden en belastingen bezwaert staen, en d’welcke in vorige tijden op hun arrivement aen d’ Caap haer vrijdom hebben versocht ende verworven, waerdoor dann de schuldeijschers in ‘t Patria, van ‘t geene zij daerbij hadden ingeschoten, zijn ontset geworden, gevolghlijk d’ Heeren Bewinthebberen ter Camer Amsterdam onder dato 6en October 1668 hebben gelieven t’ ordonneren, dat men aen niemand vrijdom zoude vergunnen, die met eenige vaederlandsche schulden beswaert zijn. Ende gelet, dat dese coloniers, bij ‘t generael gebreck van slaeven, sonder Duijtse knechts niet en cunnen subsisteren, ende gevolghlijk d’ hand daertoe moet geboden werden, so den landbouw voortganck nemen ende niet verachteren zall, Soo is goet gevonden ende geresolveert omme wederzijts sowel de baesen tot den landtbouw t’ animeren als haere knechts daervan niet afkerigh te maeken, oock Haer Edle. ordre in desen te voldoen, dat alle vrijluijden eenige Duijtse knechts in leeninge hebbende, solange deselve met vaederlantsche schulden beswaert zijn, jaerlijx 6/m van haere verdiende gagies, tot betaelinge van die schulden aan d’ E. Compe. alhier zullen hebben te voldoen, en de resterende 6/m aen haere knechts te betaelen, maer, deselve schulden voldaen zijnde, haere knechts alle hunne dienstbonen mogen doen genieten, latende alleen eens voor all 6/m op haere reecqe. te goet lopen omme daermede de wegmaekingen in ‘t vaderlant, so ‘er eenige mogten zijn, te betaelen, ende dat nogtans met dien verstande, dat de gemelde huijrders d’ verdere gagies aan d’geene, die bij den Commandeur ende den Raadt alhier daertoe sullen werden gestelt, in comptant betaelt, om sulx effectivelijck aen de knechts wederom uijtgekeert te werden, omme also te prevenieren, dat deselve met geene lompen ende leuren, als wel voor desen is gepractiseert, mogen voldaen werden.

Aldus gedaen en geresolveert in de Fortresse de Goede Hoope ten dage en jare voors.

[Signed:] ISBRAND GOSKE.

[Signed:] PR. HACKIUS. 1671.

[Signed:] JOAN SN. VELTERS.

[Signed:] CORN. DE CRETSER.

[Signed:] J. COON.

[Signed:] J. GRANAAT.