Cape Council of Policy
170
1658-08-20
Minute details
- Entry number
- 170
- Date
- 1658-08-20
- Year
- 1658
English translation
Gemerckt d'E. Compe. current version, with a number of over 240 young and old cows, including all the ploughing carts and oxen, as well as many young newcomers (nor too bright to continue to work) but above this a reasonable number to serve as a replacement for Comps. Incoming ships, if the necessary breeding was not taken into consideration, since the inhabitants are not yet sufficient, and that even poor, overworked, and overextended goods can only be dealt with,
And that our Lord Majors, in their successive letters, very seriously and earnestly order and command us to use all possible means and resources, both for agriculture and for the breeding of the aforementioned animals, as this was, for the first time, the principal aim and intention of the E. Compe. and, according to her E. It being understood that the freemen will be allowed to keep cattle freely and freely, provided they are not able to do anything with the inhabitants, etc.
Therefore, after deliberation, the Council has approved providing the aforementioned freemen with a good number of pregnant cows, but initially only to those who are involved in agriculture and have created a place for them: to be able to keep and preserve them, as manure is also essential for their land, and they must survive solely on the fruits that God, through His blessing, will be pleased to grant. And accordingly, the other freemen, such as fishermen, tailors, millers, osiers, bakers, carpenters, and wood sawers. &a., who enjoy the daily penny for their support from the beginning, and so it is noticed that it can very well be aimed at, to still withhold and pass by the beasts, at the time the farmers (most important and the beasts most needed and still in short supply) will be competently and properly provided with it, according to which is then understood that each house of these farmers, in addition to the draught animals they have present, is to be provided first with another six good pregnant cows, and those who have their wives and children with them with 12 pieces to be able to breed young animals, and also to provide them better with butter and milk, where they reasonably to profit from; we will have to make do with the remainder, for refreshments for the aforementioned ships, as far as they may reach, and from the trade of the inhabitants, as is hoped and expected.
And since the E. Compe. is also equipped with over 600 sheep, the manure of which the farmers also need as much as from the cattle on their land, also considering that Comps. servants appointed as keepers over them, do not pay much attention to the breeding, as it should be, Yes, some who know how to use the clever trick of being able to stalk old sheep in the field, and with the young that are castrated they know how to stop their number (if the flock is somewhat large), and to keep it up, according to examples given beforehand many times to Comps. damage has been found etc. It has also been agreed that each farmer's house, in addition to their existing sheep, should add up to 50 head, and that all good ewes or mare sheep, on the condition that each will have to keep at least one Dutch ram: in order to fully come to Dutch nature, as it is found at half-heartedly that they reproduce and raise more young because of the milk that they give more than the Cape sheep. And that all the rams that the Cape sheep give birth to will be culled and, having reached a suitable age, given to the E. Compe. to be provided to serve as additional refreshments for their passing ships, and that for three guilders each, the aforementioned ewes will be transferred to them. The farmers will then be in a good position and have a good opportunity not only to be preserved, but also to prosper somewhat, as, above all, they will be able to make good profits from their cultivation of horticultural crops, eggs, geese, chickens, ducks, turkeys, etc. And because Wouter Cornelisz Mostert, a free miller, has had 7 Dutch sheep since the past, it has not been considered acceptable to take them away from him (although he is not a farmer), but because he now has them and is observing them well, to let him keep them; provided that no one else may acquire them, but be satisfied with his own breeding, and, along with all other craftsmen (not being farmers), may proceed to breed pigs, which the farmers may do badly because they would not be able to keep them out of the corn, as well as with twigs, chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys, eggs, bees and so on.
They may or may not approve and consult.
Thus done and resolved in the Fort of Good Hope on the day and year aforesaid.
[Signed:] JAN VAN RIEBEECK. 1658.
[Signed:] ROELOFF DE MAN.
[Signed:] JAN VAN HERWERDEN. 1658.
[Signed:] ABRAHAM GABBEMA, secrets. 1658.
And that our Lord Majors, in their successive letters, very seriously and earnestly order and command us to use all possible means and resources, both for agriculture and for the breeding of the aforementioned animals, as this was, for the first time, the principal aim and intention of the E. Compe. and, according to her E. It being understood that the freemen will be allowed to keep cattle freely and freely, provided they are not able to do anything with the inhabitants, etc.
Therefore, after deliberation, the Council has approved providing the aforementioned freemen with a good number of pregnant cows, but initially only to those who are involved in agriculture and have created a place for them: to be able to keep and preserve them, as manure is also essential for their land, and they must survive solely on the fruits that God, through His blessing, will be pleased to grant. And accordingly, the other freemen, such as fishermen, tailors, millers, osiers, bakers, carpenters, and wood sawers. &a., who enjoy the daily penny for their support from the beginning, and so it is noticed that it can very well be aimed at, to still withhold and pass by the beasts, at the time the farmers (most important and the beasts most needed and still in short supply) will be competently and properly provided with it, according to which is then understood that each house of these farmers, in addition to the draught animals they have present, is to be provided first with another six good pregnant cows, and those who have their wives and children with them with 12 pieces to be able to breed young animals, and also to provide them better with butter and milk, where they reasonably to profit from; we will have to make do with the remainder, for refreshments for the aforementioned ships, as far as they may reach, and from the trade of the inhabitants, as is hoped and expected.
And since the E. Compe. is also equipped with over 600 sheep, the manure of which the farmers also need as much as from the cattle on their land, also considering that Comps. servants appointed as keepers over them, do not pay much attention to the breeding, as it should be, Yes, some who know how to use the clever trick of being able to stalk old sheep in the field, and with the young that are castrated they know how to stop their number (if the flock is somewhat large), and to keep it up, according to examples given beforehand many times to Comps. damage has been found etc. It has also been agreed that each farmer's house, in addition to their existing sheep, should add up to 50 head, and that all good ewes or mare sheep, on the condition that each will have to keep at least one Dutch ram: in order to fully come to Dutch nature, as it is found at half-heartedly that they reproduce and raise more young because of the milk that they give more than the Cape sheep. And that all the rams that the Cape sheep give birth to will be culled and, having reached a suitable age, given to the E. Compe. to be provided to serve as additional refreshments for their passing ships, and that for three guilders each, the aforementioned ewes will be transferred to them. The farmers will then be in a good position and have a good opportunity not only to be preserved, but also to prosper somewhat, as, above all, they will be able to make good profits from their cultivation of horticultural crops, eggs, geese, chickens, ducks, turkeys, etc. And because Wouter Cornelisz Mostert, a free miller, has had 7 Dutch sheep since the past, it has not been considered acceptable to take them away from him (although he is not a farmer), but because he now has them and is observing them well, to let him keep them; provided that no one else may acquire them, but be satisfied with his own breeding, and, along with all other craftsmen (not being farmers), may proceed to breed pigs, which the farmers may do badly because they would not be able to keep them out of the corn, as well as with twigs, chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys, eggs, bees and so on.
They may or may not approve and consult.
Thus done and resolved in the Fort of Good Hope on the day and year aforesaid.
[Signed:] JAN VAN RIEBEECK. 1658.
[Signed:] ROELOFF DE MAN.
[Signed:] JAN VAN HERWERDEN. 1658.
[Signed:] ABRAHAM GABBEMA, secrets. 1658.
Original Dutch transcription
Gemerckt d’ E. Compe. jegenwoordigh versien is, met een getal van over de 240 jongh ende oude koebeesten daeronder gereeckent alle de ploegh ende wagen ossen, beneffens veele jonge aencomelingen (noch te cleijn om te arbeijden offte voort te focken) echter boven deselve een redelijcq getal om te dienen tot ververssinge van Comps. aencomende schepen, Indien niet in consideratie quam den vorderen nodigen aenteelt, vermits van d’ inwoonders doch niet genoech ende dat oocq maer slecht, out, uijtgesloofft goet en can gehandelt worden,
Ende dat onse Heeren Majores ons per derselver successive brieven gansch serieus ende ernstich ordonneren ende beveelen omme soowel568 als tot den lantbouw oocq alle mogelijcke middelen ende debvoiren aen te wenden tot den aenfocq van meergenoempt bestiael, als sijnde ‘t selve noch voor eerst ‘t principael oogwit ende intentie van d’ E. Compe. ende volgens dien bij haer Ed. verstaen wordende, dat men de vrijeluijden ‘t houden van bestiael sal open ende vrij laten: mits sij niets van d’ inwoonders en sullen vermogen te handelen &a.,
Soo is bij den Raedt na overlegh van saken goetgevonden de gemelte vrijeluijden met goet deel drachtige koeijen te versien, doch voor eerstmaer alleen die haer op569 den landtbouw erneren, ende plaets gemaeckt hebben: om deselve te cunnen houden ende bewaren, als sijnde haer de mest oock hooghnodigh op het landt, ende moetende alleenlijcq heen comen ende leven van de vruchten die Godt de Heere, door Sijnen zegen, sal gelieven te verleenen, Ende volgens dien d’ andre vrijeluijden als vissers, cleermakers, meulenaers, wiltschutten, backers,timmerln., houtsagers570 &a., die den dagelijcxen penningh tot hun onderhout van den beginnen aff genieten, ende soo gemerct wort heel wel daerop cunnen strecken, ‘t bestiael noch te onthouden ende verbij te gaen, ter tijt de lantbouwers (‘t meeste aen gelegen ende ‘t bestiael meest nodigh ende noch al gebreck hebbende) daervan competent ende behoorlijcq sullen wesen versien, volgens welcke dan verstaen is elcq huijs van deselve lantbouwers boven hare treckbeesten die se jegenwoordigh hebben, te versien vooreerst met noch ses goede drachtige koeijen, ende die haer vrouw ende kinderen bij hun hebben met 12 stucx om jonge beesten te mogen aenfocken, ende haer oocq te beter op de boter ende melcq te erneren, daer se redelijcke proffijten van comen te trecken; sullende wij ons met ‘t overschot sien te behelpen, tot ververssinge voor de schepen bovengenoemt soo verde het sal mogen strecken ende uijtten handel van d’ inwoonders daer noch bij te comen gehoopt ende verwacht wort.
Ende nademael d’ E. Compe. oock versien is met over de 600 stucx schapen, welckers mest den lantbouwers mede alsoo nodigh als van de koebeesten op haer landt is, mitsgaders oocq ingesien dat Comps. dienaers als oppassers over deselve gestelt, op den aenteelt soo heel wel niet en letten, als ‘t wel behoort, Jae sommige die slimmicheijt weten te plegen dat se in ‘t velt oude schapen steelwijse cunnen slaen, ende met de jongen die geworpen worden haer getal (als den trop wat groot is) weten te stoppen, ende vol te houden, volgens exempelen voor dato menichmael tot Comps. schade gebleecken &a., Soo is oocq goetgevonden elcq huijs van de landtbouwers beneffens haer jegenwoordige schapen noch tot 50 stucx toe te doen, ende dat altemalen goede oijen ofte moerschapen, met die conditie dat elcq ten minsten een Hollanschen ram daer sal hebben bij te houden: om alsoo t’ eenemael in Hollansen aert te comen, alsoo aen ‘t halff slagh rede bevonden wordt dat se meerder jongen voort ende op brengen door de melcq die se meerder geven, als de Caepse schapen. Ende dat al de rammen die de Caepse schapen werpen, sullen gesneden ende tot bequaemen ouderdom gecomen wesende aen d’ E. Compe. gelevert worden, om te dienen tot te meer ververssinge van derselver passerende schepen, ende dat voor drie gulden ijder gelijcq haer de bovengemelte oijen sullen werden overgedaen, Waerbij de lantbouwers dan in een goeden ploij sullen gestelt wesen ende fraije gelegentheijt hebben om niet alleen behouden te blijven, maer oocq wel wat cunnen prospereren, alsoo boven allen ‘t selve uijt hare aenteelende thuijnvruchten, eijeren, gansen, hoenders, eenden, calcoenen, &a., goede voordeelen cunnen maken.
Ende dewijle Wouter Cornelisz Mostert vrije meulenaer al van voor dato 7 stucx Hollanse schapen heefft gehad, is onaengesien voorstaende exemptie, niet goetgevonden hem (schoon hy geen lantbouwer is) die aff te nemen, maer omdat se nu heefft, ende wel waerneempt, te laten behouden; mits geenige meer daertoe sal mogen copen, maer sigh met sijn eijgen voorteelt tevreden houden, ende beneffens alle andre hantwerckers (geen lantbouwers wesende) vorders mogen erneren met verckens aen te focquen, dat de landtbouwers qualijcq cunnen doen omdat se deselve niet souden weten uijt het coren te houden, als oocq met thuijnvruchten, hoenders, gansen, eenden, calcoenen, eijeren, bijen ende wes meer sij selffs sullen cunnen offte mogen goetvinden ende te rade worden.
Aldus gedaen ende geresolveert in ‘t Fort de Goede Hoope ten dage ende jaere voorsz.
[Signed:] JAN VAN RIEBEECK. 1658.
[Signed:] ROELOFF DE MAN.
[Signed:] JAN VAN HERWERDEN. 1658.
[Signed:] ABRAHAM GABBEMA, secrets. 1658.
Ende dat onse Heeren Majores ons per derselver successive brieven gansch serieus ende ernstich ordonneren ende beveelen omme soowel568 als tot den lantbouw oocq alle mogelijcke middelen ende debvoiren aen te wenden tot den aenfocq van meergenoempt bestiael, als sijnde ‘t selve noch voor eerst ‘t principael oogwit ende intentie van d’ E. Compe. ende volgens dien bij haer Ed. verstaen wordende, dat men de vrijeluijden ‘t houden van bestiael sal open ende vrij laten: mits sij niets van d’ inwoonders en sullen vermogen te handelen &a.,
Soo is bij den Raedt na overlegh van saken goetgevonden de gemelte vrijeluijden met goet deel drachtige koeijen te versien, doch voor eerstmaer alleen die haer op569 den landtbouw erneren, ende plaets gemaeckt hebben: om deselve te cunnen houden ende bewaren, als sijnde haer de mest oock hooghnodigh op het landt, ende moetende alleenlijcq heen comen ende leven van de vruchten die Godt de Heere, door Sijnen zegen, sal gelieven te verleenen, Ende volgens dien d’ andre vrijeluijden als vissers, cleermakers, meulenaers, wiltschutten, backers,timmerln., houtsagers570 &a., die den dagelijcxen penningh tot hun onderhout van den beginnen aff genieten, ende soo gemerct wort heel wel daerop cunnen strecken, ‘t bestiael noch te onthouden ende verbij te gaen, ter tijt de lantbouwers (‘t meeste aen gelegen ende ‘t bestiael meest nodigh ende noch al gebreck hebbende) daervan competent ende behoorlijcq sullen wesen versien, volgens welcke dan verstaen is elcq huijs van deselve lantbouwers boven hare treckbeesten die se jegenwoordigh hebben, te versien vooreerst met noch ses goede drachtige koeijen, ende die haer vrouw ende kinderen bij hun hebben met 12 stucx om jonge beesten te mogen aenfocken, ende haer oocq te beter op de boter ende melcq te erneren, daer se redelijcke proffijten van comen te trecken; sullende wij ons met ‘t overschot sien te behelpen, tot ververssinge voor de schepen bovengenoemt soo verde het sal mogen strecken ende uijtten handel van d’ inwoonders daer noch bij te comen gehoopt ende verwacht wort.
Ende nademael d’ E. Compe. oock versien is met over de 600 stucx schapen, welckers mest den lantbouwers mede alsoo nodigh als van de koebeesten op haer landt is, mitsgaders oocq ingesien dat Comps. dienaers als oppassers over deselve gestelt, op den aenteelt soo heel wel niet en letten, als ‘t wel behoort, Jae sommige die slimmicheijt weten te plegen dat se in ‘t velt oude schapen steelwijse cunnen slaen, ende met de jongen die geworpen worden haer getal (als den trop wat groot is) weten te stoppen, ende vol te houden, volgens exempelen voor dato menichmael tot Comps. schade gebleecken &a., Soo is oocq goetgevonden elcq huijs van de landtbouwers beneffens haer jegenwoordige schapen noch tot 50 stucx toe te doen, ende dat altemalen goede oijen ofte moerschapen, met die conditie dat elcq ten minsten een Hollanschen ram daer sal hebben bij te houden: om alsoo t’ eenemael in Hollansen aert te comen, alsoo aen ‘t halff slagh rede bevonden wordt dat se meerder jongen voort ende op brengen door de melcq die se meerder geven, als de Caepse schapen. Ende dat al de rammen die de Caepse schapen werpen, sullen gesneden ende tot bequaemen ouderdom gecomen wesende aen d’ E. Compe. gelevert worden, om te dienen tot te meer ververssinge van derselver passerende schepen, ende dat voor drie gulden ijder gelijcq haer de bovengemelte oijen sullen werden overgedaen, Waerbij de lantbouwers dan in een goeden ploij sullen gestelt wesen ende fraije gelegentheijt hebben om niet alleen behouden te blijven, maer oocq wel wat cunnen prospereren, alsoo boven allen ‘t selve uijt hare aenteelende thuijnvruchten, eijeren, gansen, hoenders, eenden, calcoenen, &a., goede voordeelen cunnen maken.
Ende dewijle Wouter Cornelisz Mostert vrije meulenaer al van voor dato 7 stucx Hollanse schapen heefft gehad, is onaengesien voorstaende exemptie, niet goetgevonden hem (schoon hy geen lantbouwer is) die aff te nemen, maer omdat se nu heefft, ende wel waerneempt, te laten behouden; mits geenige meer daertoe sal mogen copen, maer sigh met sijn eijgen voorteelt tevreden houden, ende beneffens alle andre hantwerckers (geen lantbouwers wesende) vorders mogen erneren met verckens aen te focquen, dat de landtbouwers qualijcq cunnen doen omdat se deselve niet souden weten uijt het coren te houden, als oocq met thuijnvruchten, hoenders, gansen, eenden, calcoenen, eijeren, bijen ende wes meer sij selffs sullen cunnen offte mogen goetvinden ende te rade worden.
Aldus gedaen ende geresolveert in ‘t Fort de Goede Hoope ten dage ende jaere voorsz.
[Signed:] JAN VAN RIEBEECK. 1658.
[Signed:] ROELOFF DE MAN.
[Signed:] JAN VAN HERWERDEN. 1658.
[Signed:] ABRAHAM GABBEMA, secrets. 1658.